Install the cooling tower

The installation of the cooling tower is a set of operations to take advantage of the cooling tower, which includes four parts: assembly, cabling, plumbing and foundation implementation. The cooling tower installation operation deals with a variety of engineering installations. The installation of the cooling tower or cooling tower should be done in several steps and in accordance with the relevant standard principles. Observance of the installation principles will cause the correct use of the cooling tower with the highest level of efficiency. The basic and important principles of installing any equipment are provided by the manufacturer. Many authorities have developed standards related to the installation of standards for engineers in different communities. ASHRAE - ASME - CTI-DNI standards are the most important reference standards for cooling tower installation. Companies specializing in the installation of cooling towers and other refrigeration equipment must operate with the efficiency of their knowledge of fluid engineering, electrical, civil and mechanical engineering.

The effect of a successful installation on the cooling system of industrial equipment or chillers can cause the optimal operation of the system for many years. In fact, adhering to standard principles in the operation and operation of any industrial or refrigeration equipment will make the equipment work better. Failure to follow the principles of engineering in the start and use of the cooling tower can reduce the useful life, reduce efficiency and increase energy consumption of this device. In many cases, the buyer installs this equipment after the purchase process and selection of the cooling tower, regardless of the basic conditions. In most cases, this will cause irreparable damage to the water cooling system in the near future. In fact, the lack of technical knowledge in the installation department can disrupt the overall performance of the system. In this article, we will briefly mention the basic principles of installing a cooling tower.

The most important principles in the operation of installing cooling towers

• A) Determining the best location for the cooling tower (cooling tower location)

• B) Observance of the principles related to the arrangement and correct placement of the cooling tower with ancillary equipment

• C) Installation of necessary control and protective equipment in the control panel of the fan electromotor and circulator pump

• D) Proper implementation of piping in accordance with ASME and DNI standards

• E) Installation and ancillary equipment in the piping circuit, including flanches, collectors, seismic supports and side valve pipes.

Determine the location and installation of the cooling tower 

The location of the cooling tower must have two basic conditions. The first condition for locating this device is to have enough free space around the tower to create a suitable air flow. The second condition is to observe the distance between the cooling tower and other obstacles in order to prevent the output air bypass from entering the entrance. The best place to install any chiller cooling tower is the roof of the building, which provides two very important conditions for the proper operation of the tower. The roof of the building is the best option for the operation of the cooling tower due to its height from the engine room and having free space. In the industrial use of cooling towers, the best place to install this device is the roof of the shed or the roof of the shed. The most important thing in determining the location of the cooling tower is the location of this equipment in the open air.

In addition to the location, it is very important to observe the distance between the installation location of the cooling tower and other equipment and buildings. Towers should have sufficient free distance from walls and other surrounding obstacles. Observing the distance between the cooling tower and other obstacles will prevent the evacuated air from returning to the inlet air section. If there are several cooling tower devices, the distance and proximity of the devices should be designed to prevent the discharge air of a tower from entering the adjacent tower. Certainly, the roof of a building that does not have any obstacles cannot lead to recycling, provided that it does not even have a beautiful protection. The figure below shows the location of the condenser pump and plumbing. The location and installation of the tower should be such as to prevent the tower air from rotating.

Standard distances of the cooling tower installation site with other equipment and obstacles

Building walls, mesh or column walls, trees, etc., if the tower is close to them, can create obstacles for proper air circulation. The distances provided by the installation of the cooling tower from other obstacles and equipment are usually suggested. It is sometimes very difficult to ensure that all distances are met in determining the location of the cooling tower. Therefore, it is recommended that you consider the stated and suggested distances as much as possible in determining the installation location. All the items mentioned in the standard distance section of the cooling tower installation location can be seen in the image below.

Recommended distance of cooling tower to high walls = half the height of the wall

Recommended distance from the installation of the cooling tower to the trees or the grid wall = the width of the cooling tower

The height of the cooling tower by considering the height of the foundation = the height of the obstacles such as the lattice wall

 

The cooling tower must be at least 30 feet (9 m) from the adjacent building walls. The taller the building, the more obstacles there are. Therefore, the retreat of the tower should be increased to at least half the height of the building to prevent the flow of leaking air from circulating or re-entering. Cooling towers are not very beautiful, so architects use lattice walls (wooden, metal buildings) around the tower. In addition to separating the cooling tower from the roof environment, the mesh wall prevents water droplets from entering the surrounding environment.

The most important thing in the design of the guard structure around the installation site of the cooling tower

• Lattice walls should provide at least 50% free space at the entrance to the cooling tower louver.

• The permitted air velocity inside the retaining walls or protective wall shall be less than 600 feet per minute.

• The height of the lattice wall or obstacles near the cooling tower should not be higher than the final height of the fan fan or the saturated air outlet.

Basic principles in the implementation of the foundation of the cooling tower installation site

The location of the cooling tower installation and installation must be designed in accordance with the standard installation conditions. The most important basic principles in designing a foundation for installing a cooling tower are as follows:

• The foundation of the installation site must be perfectly level and horizontal.

• The foundation of the device can be a completely iron structure or a completely concrete level surface with an iron chassis.

• The main loads of the structure should be controlled by four plates inside the reinforced concrete.

• The distance between the plates installed in the metal or concrete structure must be designed according to the design of the production device.

• In order to control the vibration of the device, it is recommended to use mechanical vibrators (spring or plastic) in different places.

• If you are installing a metal structure for the foundation, be sure to use the necessary braces to distribute the weight of the cooling tower.

• The minimum height of the metal or concrete foundation foundation where the cooling tower is located should be designed 50 cm above the ground.

Basic principles in cooling tower piping operations with other equipment

• Cooling water circulator pump after the pan or cold water storage tank with short distance

• The level of the circulator pump should always be lower than the level of the output flange of the pan (this will prevent cavitation or corrosion of the pump fan blades).

• Installation of one-way valve at suction point or pump suction

• Installing a valve regulating the circulating water flow after the discharge point or pump pump

• Use all-flange fittings instead of welded plumbing

• Using seismic fittings at flange points for plumbing to pump blows from water circulation by the pump

• Use of elastomeric insulation or suitable glass wool insulation to prevent the pipes from freezing in winter

• Use support brackets to adjust the water transmission lines in the condenser cycle

• Design of circulator pump with suitable head to rotate standard water level

• The cooling pipe outlet pipe should be directed to the circulator pump with a low alignment.

• The size of the plumbing should be designed in accordance with the cooling tower's outlet flange

• If two cooling tower devices are installed simultaneously with one pump, both devices must be aligned.